The year 2026 finds the global energy system at a crossroads defined by geopolitical fragmentation, accelerating decarbonization, and persistent market volatility. Major shocks of the early 2020s—most notably the post‑pandemic demand rebound, Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, and the ongoing restructuring of global trade flows—have fundamentally altered the set of assumptions that governed energy markets for decades.

Critical minerals are essential to the energy transition, powering electric vehicles, renewable energy systems and energy storage technologies. Southern Africa holds nearly 30% of the world’s reserves, including cobalt, copper, graphite, lithium, manganese and platinum-group metals, yet attracts less than 10% of global exploration financing. Unlocking this potential is critical to strengthening global supply resilience and driving inclusive growth across the region.